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Palazzo Vecchio

Uncover the timeless charm of Palazzo Vecchio's courtyard

Included with Palazzo Vecchio tickets

Timings

RECOMMENDED DURATION

2 hours

Palazzo Vecchio Courtyard

The magnificent Palazzo Vecchio in the heart of Florence holds many treasures, but the beating heart of the complex is undoubtedly its courtyards on the ground floor. They are free to enter without a ticket, and hold several stunning artistic elements that set the tone for what's in store as you venture further. Admire intricate gilded stucco work on columns and loggia, as well as frescoes and sculptures – like the Little Angel with Dolphin crowning a central fountain.

Why visit the Palazzo Vecchio courtyards?

  • Whether you've booked tickets to Palazzo Vecchio in advance or not, the First & Second Courtyards are a complete must-visit since they are free to enter!
  • Admire the exquisite artwork on display, including the white and gold decor and frescoes depicting scenes from Greek mythology. Learn about the evolution of the courtyard under Michelozzo in the 15th century.
  • Gaze up at the paintings across the walls, and peer up the hollow center of the Palazzo Vecchio. A captivating blend of medieval and Renaissance styles, the courtyard features elegant arches, decorative columns, and intricate stone carvings.

How many courtyards in Palazzo Vecchio?

Palazzo Vecchio, a symbol of Florence's civic power, features three distinct courtyards, each reflecting different periods of architectural evolution.

First Courtyard (Cortile di Michelozzo)

Designed by Michelozzo in 1453, this courtyard greets visitors entering from Piazza della Signoria. In 1565, for the wedding of Francesco I de' Medici and Johanna of Austria, Giorgio Vasari adorned the space with elaborate frescoes depicting Austrian cities, honoring the bride's heritage. At its center stands a porphyry fountain by Battista del Tadda, topped with a copy of Andrea del Verrocchio's Angel with Dolphin. The surrounding arches showcase intricate stucco work and gilded decorations, embodying Renaissance artistry.

Second Courtyard (Cortile della Dogana)

Known as the Courtyard of the Customs, this area features massive pillars built in 1494 by Simone del Pollaiolo, called Il Cronaca, to support the Salone dei Cinquecento above. Historically, it housed customs offices where goods entering Florence were inspected and taxed. Today, it functions as the museum's ticketing area and bookstore, blending historical significance with modern utility.

Third Courtyard (Cortile Nuovo)

Developed during the palace's expansion towards Via dei Gondi and Via dei Leoni, this courtyard was designed by Bartolomeo Ammannati and Bernardo Buontalenti. Unlike the previous courtyards, it lacks arcades and primarily serves municipal offices. A staircase from this courtyard leads to the offices of the Mayor and the municipal government, emphasizing its administrative role.

Palazzo Vecchio Courtyard highlights

Courtyard fountain

As visitors wander through the courtyard, they will encounter a collection of statues that line its walls and crown the center – like the angel holding a dolphin.

Courtyard loggia

The Palazzo Vecchio Courtyard also boasts a stunning loggia, a covered gallery with arched openings that overlooks the courtyard. The loggia provides a sheltered space for visitors to relax and admire the courtyard's beauty. Its arches offer picturesque views of the courtyard's architecture, statues, and the surrounding landscape.

Courtyard statues

The walls are decorated with marble busts of Medici rulers and other important Florentine figures, placed within niches. They also display numerous coats of arms representing Florentine magistrates and families.

Open-air performances

Throughout the year, the Palazzo Vecchio Courtyard hosts open-air performances, including concerts, theater productions, and cultural events. You have the opportunity to enjoy live entertainment in this historic setting. Keep an eye out for the event schedule to catch an enchanting performance during your visit.

History of Palazzo Vecchio's Courtyard

Palazzo Vecchio Courtyard history
  • Originally built as a fortress-like structure in the 14th century, Palazzo Vecchio became the residence of the influential Medici family during the Renaissance.
  • Under their patronage, the palace transformed into a lavish residence, and the First Courtyard was added as a central hub for political and social events.
  • This First Courtyard was designed by Michelozzo in 1453, and later embellished for Cosimo I de’ Medici’s 1565 wedding.
  • Over the centuries, it served various purposes, including a theater and military barracks. In the 20th century, restoration efforts were undertaken to preserve its historical and architectural significance.
  • Today, visitors can explore the courtyard, experiencing the blend of medieval and Renaissance influences and immersing themselves in Florence's rich past.
Detailed history

Frequently asked questions about Palazzo Vecchio's courtyard

Palazzo Vecchio has three courtyards. The First Courtyard, designed by Michelozzo in 1453, is the main entrance from Piazza della Signoria. The Second Courtyard known as the "Courtyard of the Customs", features massive pillars built in 1494 by Il Cronaca to support the Salone dei Cinquecento above. The Third Courtyard, called the "New Courtyard", was created by Bartolomeo Ammannati and Bernardo Buontalenti during the palace's expansion towards Via dei Gondi and Via dei Leoni.

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